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Manatee conservation status
Manatees are large marine mammals that inhabit slow rivers, canals, saltwater bays, estuaries, and coastal areas. They are a migratory species, inhabiting the Florida waters during the winter and moving as far north as Virginia and as far west as Texas in the warmer summer months. Manatees are calm herbivores that spend most of their time eating, sleeping, and traveling. They have a lifespan of about 60 years with no known natural enemies. Most of their deaths are the result of human activity, particularly watercraft collisions.〔Manatee Facts. Save the Manatee Club. 21 November 2008. .〕 In the past, manatees were exploited for their meat, fat, and hides.〔West Indian Manatee: an Endangered Species. Bagheera: A Website for Earth’s Endangered Animals. 21 November 2008. .〕 However, the most significant challenge manatees face today is the loss of habitat.〔 Manatees were once very widespread, but coastal development and poaching has significantly reduced the size of their population. There are currently around 3,200 manatees living in the United States.
== Sources of danger ==
Various human activities threaten manatee populations, and activists working to save the species aggressively protest these actions. Fishing nets and lines can cause injuries to manatees that often lead to serious infections. Many manatee deaths are the result of collisions with boats when the mammals are surfacing for air. They are not fast enough to elude the boat propellers, and thus suffer from fatal gashes.〔The Florida Manatee. EcoFlorida. 21 November 2008..〕 Additionally, the recent increase in coastal development has severely affected manatee habitats. The habitats themselves have been destroyed as residential and commercial development has occurred along seagrass beds, mangroves, and salt marshes where manatees live.〔 Pollution in these areas may also have an effect on manatee mortality, as chemicals introduced into their habitats lead to impaired immune systems. The fact that manatees tend to gather in the warm water outflows of power plants furthers the likelihood of the spread of disease.〔 Humans are the only life that endangers manatees.〔http://www.savethemanatee.org/manfcts.htm〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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